A Highly Differentiated European Reality

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A study paper of Nicole König features a clarifying illustration of the EU.
Pdf in annex

We are de facto living in a highly differentiated European Union (EU). A prime example is the Schengen
agreement, which five out of the then ten EU member states signed three decades ago. Now it has legal
status and comprises 26 countries, 22 of which are EU members. Since the 1990s most of the Union’s core
policy areas underwent some form of differentiation1. More recently, the financial and sovereign debt crises
fuelled deeper integration within the Eurozone and led to the emergence of new forms of differentiation within
and outside of the Union’s legal and institutional framework. A stable core of six EU member states participates
in most differentiated integration projects while groups of ‘outsiders’ vary on a case-by-case basis (see
Figure 1).

Pdf in annex

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Note that Lichtenstein, Andorra, San Marino en Vatican City aren't mentioned.

[LuckiiDevil21]

Wow that's some shit

[Relet]

If you mention Switzerland you really don't have to mention Liechtenstein because they are practically one Country.