[Faline]

British scientists have developed a new stem cell technique for growing working liver cells which could eventually avoid the need for costly and risky liver transplants.
A team of researchers led by the Sanger Institute and the University of Cambridge used cutting-edge methods to correct a genetic mutation in stem cells derived from a patient's skin biopsy, and then grew them into fresh liver cells.
By putting the new liver cells into mice, they showed they were fully functioning.



Allan Bradley, director of the Sanger Institute said: 'We have developed new systems to target genes and ... correct ... defects in patient cells,'
Bradley said the technique -- the first success of its kind -- leaves behind no trace of the genetic manipulation, except for the gene correction.
'These are early steps, but if this technology can be taken into treatment, it will offer great possible benefits for patients,' he added.
Stem cells are the body's master cells, the source for all other cells.
Scientists say they could transform medicine, providing treatments for blindness, spinal cord and other severe injuries, and new cells for damaged organs.
Research is focused on two main forms -- embryonic stem cells, which are harvested from embryos, and reprogrammed cells, also known as induced pluripotent stem cells or iPS cells, which are reprogrammed from ordinary skin or blood cells.

When they were first discovered in 2006, iPS cells looked like a perfect solution to the ethical debate over the use of embryonic stem cells because they are made in a lab from ordinary skin or blood cells.
Embryonic stem cells are usually harvested from leftover embryos at fertility clinics and their use is opposed by many religious groups.
But in recent years, concerns have been raised that iPS cells may not be as 'clean' or as capable as embryonic cells.
Last year, a group led by Robert Lanza, of the U.S. firm Advanced Cell Technology , compared batches of iPS cells with embryonic stem cells and noticed the iPS cells died more quickly and were much less able to grow and expand.
A study published in the journal Nature, the British team took skin cells from a patient with a mutation in a gene called alpha1-antitrypsin, which is responsible for making a protein that protects against inflammation.
People with mutant alpha1-antitrypsin are not able to release the protein properly from the liver, so it becomes trapped there and eventually leads to liver cirrhosis and lung emphysema.
This is one of the most common inherited liver and lung disorders and affects about one in 2,000 people of North European origin, the researchers said.
Having harvested the skin cells, the scientists reprogrammed them back into stem cells before inserting a correct version of the gene using a DNA transporter called piggyBac.
The leftover piggyBac sequences were then removed from the cells, cleaning them up and allowing them to be converted into liver cells without any trace of residual DNA damage at the site of the genetic correction.
David Lomas, a Cambridge professor of respiratory biology said: 'We then turned those cells into human liver cells and put them in a mouse and showed that they were viable.'
Ludovic Vallier, also from Cambridge University, said the results were a first step toward personalised cell therapy for genetic liver disorders.
He said: 'We still have major challenges to overcome...but we now have the tools necessary,'
The researchers said it could be another five to 10 years before full clinical trials of the technique could be run using patients with liver disease.
But if they succeed, liver transplants -- costly and complicated procedures where patients need a lifetime of drugs to ensure the new organ is not rejected -- could become a thing of the past.
Professor Lomas said: 'If we can use a patient's own skins cells to produce liver cells that we can put back into the patient, we may prevent the future need for transplantation,'

[kellyhound]

good news and hope for the future for a lot of people

[Viking64]

Amen.

[table spoon]

time to start drinking again

[**butterflylove**]

I wonder under what circumstances this would be used, I mean would it be available to everyone if they needed it including alcoholics etc or to a select few that meet a stringent criteria, ie must be under a certain age, must be a liver disease/trauma that was not directly related to the actions of the person etc??

[juanmigual]

Originally Posted by kellyhound ↗

good news and hope for the future for a lot of people

Does that mean I can go back to drinking 2L of gin every day? Oh
goody!

[Kim]

Originally Posted by kellyhound ↗

good news and hope for the future for a lot of people

Right on. It's the liver failure that's going to get me long before the M.S. does.