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02-07-2010, 04:03 PM
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Neurofibromatosis and Noma: Facial Tumours and Other Conditions
Neurofibromatosis type 1 and noma are distinct conditions that can affect the face. Neurofibromatosis type 1 causes changes in skin colouring and tumours that grow along nerves. It results from mutations in the NF1 gene, which produces a protein that limits cell growth. About half of cases are inherited; the rest arise from new mutations. Most adults develop benign neurofibromas, although malignant nerve sheath tumours can also occur. Noma is a rapidly progressing gangrenous disease of the mouth and face caused by mixed bacteria. It does not spread from person to person. It mainly affects children aged 2 to 6, mostly in sub-Saharan Africa, and is associated with malnutrition, immune suppression, poor oral health and extreme poverty. Early treatment includes antibiotics, oral hygiene and nutrition; severe cases may require surgery. WHO added noma to its neglected tropical diseases list in December 2023. |