[GODREKR]

Above knee amputation, also known as transfemoral amputation, is a surgical procedure in which the leg is surgically removed above the knee joint. This procedure is typically performed to address severe injury, trauma, or diseases that have compromised the function and viability of the lower limb. The aim of the surgery is to improve the patient's quality of life by removing the non-functional or diseased part and enabling them to adapt to the use of a prosthetic limb.

The procedure generally involves the following steps:

Pre-operative evaluation: Before the surgery, a comprehensive evaluation of the patient's medical history, physical condition, and imaging studies, such as X-rays or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), is performed. This helps determine the extent of the amputation required and assess the suitability for prosthetic limb use.

Anesthesia: The surgery is performed under general anesthesia or regional anesthesia, which numbs the surgical area and provides pain relief during the procedure.

Incision and amputation: An incision is made above the knee joint, typically at a level that allows for optimal prosthetic fitting and function. The muscles, blood vessels, and nerves are carefully dissected and separated, while preserving as much healthy tissue as possible. The femur bone is then divided, and the remaining leg is removed.

Hemostasis and closure: The surgical team ensures adequate hemostasis (control of bleeding) by ligating or cauterizing blood vessels in the amputation site. The remaining soft tissues are then closed with sutures or staples. The surgical wound is covered with sterile dressings.

Post-operative care and rehabilitation: After the surgery, the patient is closely monitored in the recovery area. Pain management, antibiotics, and other medications may be prescribed to aid healing and prevent infection. Physical and occupational therapy are initiated as early as possible to promote recovery, strengthen the remaining leg muscles, and prepare the patient for prosthetic limb fitting.

Prosthetic limb fitting and training: Once the wound has sufficiently healed and the patient's condition allows, the process of fitting and training with a prosthetic limb begins. The prosthetist works closely with the patient to design and fit a customized artificial limb that suits their specific needs and lifestyle. The patient undergoes training to learn how to use and control the prosthetic limb effectively.

Following above knee amputation, the patient will require ongoing rehabilitation and support to adapt to their new limb and regain functional abilities. The prosthetic limb, coupled with physical therapy, enables individuals to perform daily activities, walk independently, and engage in work or recreational activities.